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In this study, even people with a family history of heart problems were able to have a low cardiovascular disease risk profile if they started living a healthy lifestyle when they were young, supporting the notion that lifestyle may play a more prominent role than genetics.


The majority of people who maintained five healthy lifestyle factors from young adulthood including a lean body mass index , no excess alcohol intake, no smoking, a healthy diet and regular physical activity were able to remain in this low-risk category in their middle aged years.

In the first year of the study, when the participants’ average age was 24 years old, nearly 44 percent had a low cardiovascular disease risk profile. Twenty years later, overall, only 24.5 percent fell into the category of a low cardiovascular disease risk profile.
Sixty percent of those who maintained all five healthy lifestyle factors reached middle age with the low cardiovascular risk profile, compared with fewer than 10 percent who followed none of the healthy lifestyle factors.